
ﱦԵ
ʮءʶƼı֪ȡѼ

СӲǱˣǷٷԭ;һǰͷӣЩ
ȴ׽һСͷĿ죬ΧˡٷȻǷȱ
飬Ҳмֻǣ¾ϸǸͷĿɽկ飬Ȼȡ
ͷĿƣּݣ¹ȱ飬ȻƭĲܵĽ

ʷӢȻǲ֮ǰС͵лٷһ棬ʱںҹ
ôοٷּװһʱҲҶ϶СӾԼ
ˣɣҪϸʣ˳ͽзٷ֡
ٷ׼ѣһȣѸײڶַٿ۵ʷӢ
ǰָѨĲ־ŭһȥٷѰʷӢƣǰ
һƣĲ书ѸֱУɽ߷ٷϥǣ˴õ
ץ򷽱ٷвš
ٷֻá͡һв½ѸĲ˺һٷһ
Ц৵İγֽȵĲܣǰһҾͰŮɱˣĲǽ
øɵۣͶȴǰ
ﵭĲܣڿ԰պڵأƽȴˡҪ
ӣѽҩҰɡ
ĲܵұҪѽҩģǺαֶΣٷһ
ʦ㣬ǵĶҩЦµģֹɢ̫
Ůĳȴȶҩöࡣ
Ĳܻصҳ˽ҩֻ߳ͷٷվһ𣬷ٷֻ
۾¶侪ϲľ˫Ҳ˷ֳܶһƬκ죬Ĳ߰˷֣
ȻԲмֶ⣬Ц˵ʦðǰ㣬Ҳ
ѵðףҸˡҩƽȽ˭Ҳ飬лҲ
˵ˡ
ӹҩĲܵǿԷ˰ɣٷڻУĲ
ŭô
ٷӭǣһᣬʼ˵ʦ㣬ҩΣЦ
ҩǿˡĲ֪⣬ŭдĲ
ܵʲôˣһüҩƭԷ˰ɣٷǵ˵
ڻСĲܴŭʦҳλ棬ȴ֪ҵΪ
˵ģ˵Ļʱвģѵ㻹𣿡
Ĳ԰꣬ǵȻӻģɵ鷳
һ̡ʦܣǲ˼ٷǡĲҪ֪
㲻Ů
ʦܣʷң˲ɡٷϾʦ
ϸġСͷĿϳһǾͲÿˡ﹦ѻָ
߰˷֣½ӹʷӢȻץĺѨ˵ͼݣĲƥ
ǣ
ĲһһƤŭȴǲ÷Ȩҳ򣬰
ƥ廨ǣｫʷӢһٷƥҹʨӡ
ĲݵϳԲݣٷǰͷߣСͷĿ䵱ǵĸ档Ĳ
ܹһ֣˵ĲģҲɡ漴Ҳͷ
ĲܵȻǷĲ£²СĲƥҲƥԣȴȲ
͸˵ԶԶں档ЦʦܣǷһЩ
ΡҲʡĲΪҪ°
߳Ĳܵפ;ʿһֳֻ
ޣһֻʷӢıģ˵ʷЦݣǧü
ҿɲˣʷӢгʹޣȴòװЦݡĲܵ
Ƕ˺һȵӣֻʷӢ£µŮͷĿ˭û
ġ
õţسǵıʿĲܺʷӢæţʵ
ºܺðҪȥԭ
Ĳû˵ǲöܣԺһ·ֵܵƣ
Ҳź÷
һǱַۣĲںͷ
ĲܲţǷӢ°ߣǺãδѣֻ
ڰ֮ңס֣ʷӢͷ˵ӽ㣬
ѨԼ⣬ǿҪˡ
Ĳܵѵע˷ɳôҪ˵
˵ˣֻǿˣԸ˼Уñɳ
ĲܺһᣬĿ뷽ٷͬУʧ
뷨ͬȴҲܲﰵ룬ʶأֱգ֪
Ǹ𣬷ŵ£мʶĹðˣֻΪȰһ˵
ͬⷬȴǿɸУһʧһ֮ʱŻᷢ
ѵĿɹ֮ʱıӰԶСĲеӰȴԽԽ
һ˲֮侹ǹʷӢĲһƬãȻͻȻ֪ԼѡǷ
ˡֻ˲Ϣ£˼ӿһɲǣֻʷӢڽеܣ
ҽ⿪ѨĲܵȻһͻȻʷӢ˵ġ˩
һϵֻ족ǵģҪ¹ԭʶǷǵúʷӢͬһ·
СɽѹͷʱְӰѹȥˡӦһ
ȥʷӢ⿪Ѩ
뷽ٷαۣҲߵòԶǰͷиŮڣ
ӭѸ֮ڱһʱδܿòٷһ
ĵŮṦ˵ã
ŮӸһһ˫ʷӢеʦ
£۸ͽˣ
ԭװŹֵŮӲǱˣʷӢʦƹáտն˻
ԼΪտնҪƽԭͬȥ׷ͬУʶԼ¹

ƹúųơ齣ǽа֮ʵȴǡ顱ǡ
ǡ෴ƫУרƾһĺö¡ƽĵǿտն谮
ͽʷӢʷӢд£˵Ǹ۸ƥ
һҵ˽ڣҲף㼴˵ͽգҸС
¾ǡһ˦ıʹɱ־У
ۣƹûʮ֮ңµͬ˻Уǰ
أԭƹһ˦ǰβ˳
ȥβϸ˿Ϣ÷ѷּĸ
βǡǡƥǰؽ֮˺󣬹ҲԺױ㽫ҽã
βؽڣƥҲܱۡ
䵹ȴٷŭ֮£һ߳壬ңڿշӭ
˼ƹãһСӥա㼴մ£ƹý۳һ
йٱãһٷĳʹ
ƹüٷĳȻûиչȥҲмֲ죬˵ʱ٣ʱ죬
Ѹ˵ʹɻ˵齣ֽһ߶佣һ
֮䣬ϮƹõߴѨ
ƹ÷һ֣ɢǧ˿Ҳֻһ֮䣬Ľ
ˣ𣬷ʮѨٷһȣ𳤽
ʹʦĥ˺ʦĦպϴĶŽףƹͷһݣ
ְѷ۳һֻӳȻ˷ٷС
һƹøǳԾΪ˱˵ãΪǽ
ƹʹһСơ˵ֽ˿ȥȵ
ĥǵʲôˣ
ʱϵƹþӢۻϣտնһ𣬴УǸŮ
ˡǸŮӣʱȻ֪ƹտնĹϵҲԼµ֡
ٷֻɱȥƹõʻǣڽȴ˵
ʦҲĹùãĥ˵ĹŵӣĦʦ֡
ǰɣУ
ƹǸɱ˲գ۵Ůħͷĥλޣȴٻ
мֹ˼ɡһտնĦյĽ飬յӢ۴Ҳ֪
ˡԭСĦյʦܣˣֻ¿տնҪˡ
һʱĪ
ɳӢȴ֪ôһת۵ĹϵЦ˵ʲôϵ̧
ʦĦѵҵʦҪ㲻ɣ
ٷŭޣ˭ʽˣʦǣɲҪʦ̧
ġ
ƹüΪʤмֹ˼ɣȴҲ±ᣬ˵ۡĥĦյ
ˡʷӢ֪ʦƢ˵Ļ룬ʦ԰֡ƫƫ
ֲ֪ˣ˵Ļƹ˸
һᣬѹʮУӢֽеܣ㻹ȥʦ
СĲΪѣм־ԷٷмֶʼɣʷӢ
мֺ£ִ۸ӵ֧֯ͷȲ˺ȴ¡
ʷӢĿ⻺ɨҪƵģȻһЦ˵
ܣֻ֪ӣȴŮˣĲܵȻһѣæ˵
ǲܷŹǡ޸ӵ飬ȴǰȥˡ
ʵʷӢҪĲǰֻ뼤ʦģĲ
ɲǲ죬Լٵ棬ĲҲǰȥ
ƹùһЦ˵ӢҶ֪꣬ΪʦıôΪҵ
òСЦһգغȵ齣ʣѪ
ĥ˷ϣһ⣡ٷŭ齣ôαװǻ
ơֻδڣȻֻҫĿƹ齣ǳʣ
ٷԲҹУȰ÷겻͸ƹõ
ȷжص裬ٷͷһӣԷ룬ø졣ֻƹúһ
ţ
˷Ʈ֪Ӻδٷܾˣһ
֪ƹҪˣǱֻڷٷĽһѽŷٷǹ;
ǰ㣬˵ʱ٣ʱ죬ƹýҲǡǡ˷ٷĻڡ
ॡ죬ٷ׹أѲܶ
ԭƹýѨǡôٷĻֳֻһ㣬
ƸӶһƵģȻδѪ
󾪣æʹһСŮͶ󡱣ҲƹõѨͼΧκ֮ƣ
ʦ֮ϧ书ȴƹòøԶƹþڴзٷѨͬ
ʱֵķҲѲĽһֽ֣ʱҲϿ
УƹõתǪֻһһѨƹȻǴȫʤС
еʹԷٷĹĽҲе졣
ĲܵҪлƹʷӢȥʵ˭
ĲܵСĲܰݼǰʷӢЦʦˡû棬
Ҳῴóˡܡͽͬһ𣬶ȣѵ
𣿡ƹõŶԭķʷӢϷ죬޽ߵ
˵ǵĺӣʦһϲơһߣʵ
ʮֵ⡣
ƹЦŶԭ뽭ĲܣֳҵӢ
ķˡܺãܺãôһû˱ˡĲܲȻ
Ǻ˼ʷӢȴͨ죬ʦҲǵģǰ˵
ⲻҵİҿԼ룬ʦô˵Ī
նҲ޾ɺˣտնĦսǲ⵹ҪӺúӦǡȻ
ܽʦ֮տն£Ҳɵҡԭƹһ
տնοаǿտնʦܣʷӢ޸˶οаʦͽʦֵܣ
ƹȻаÿԣϾҲ˼ʶʷӢҪĲ֮󣬲
ʷӢϲڲԣ˵йءݡһʷӢ
˵
Ĳܽڷٷ˸СĽͷ֮лδޣ
ৡһ޾򷽱ٷͷ¡
ٷѨܶüŭĿĲܣݺݵġޡһڡ
ҲǱѨܶȴ˵簡簡
Ĳͷһ৵һ£϶գĵλ޴һʧ˵
СʵǴʧ֮¡Ĳ书ѵշľ磬ʱ뷽
Ų磬ջءáһƹͻȻ֣Ĳܵ
ޣַһƣҪ޾ȥĲܳһһƲб
ҵת˸Ȧ⿪˷ĲơƹõãȻǱ첻
ˡΡʷӢ˿æ˵ʦԭܵĹ
ţһˡʵƹȴΪտնĦյļӹϵԸĲ
̫Ħյʦѿ
ʷӢ˹Ц˵С㣬ϧϧϾӲҵ
ġ䳰ȷҲм֡Էٷȴֺޣſ
ߣСӣҺ񣡡Ҫһƴȥƹúؽ뻳У
ЦӢôСıӣΪʦۡǾ
㣬˵Ϊʦ
ʷӢСӸղŵҵѨץƹõΪҪ
ѨʷӢΪλʦ㣿ƹõλ
ð㣿
ʷӢŮǣλС˽
ܡƹöĲ˫һɣˣλΪҪ˽ܣӢ
ǲģʷӢмִ⣬֪ʦޱҵӣĹ
ƢһʱĲܿɾѿˣֻĲΣһЦ˵ʦ뵽Ķȥ
ˣλС˵͵ġ
ƹõŶԭˡնʹߡҲհʷӢ
̽ǵʵȻȥǴвƹõǾͰ
ˡʷӢҲɱˡߣɱҲϱء
СӡƹõСӶʦ㵹ͦԼһʱ
˰ɣʷӢЦλС׽Соų
˼ˣƹúȻһЦ˵ϲӣСΪ˾ʦ
㣬㣬пԭֱᣬ˵㲻ͰǶ˹һ
ɡԭƹʮԿտնҲһƬ˼Էٷм֮ͬ
С
ʷӢĵⲻǷˣתһ룬Ĳܶƺδ
ˣȣɱǾȷʵѷٷ£ҲöĲܵͷ
±ʦµģδãȻʦ⡣
ʷӢ˴سǱͣԽѺˮΡˮν
ڵص£ΧǼʯǽΪ㣬ϲǸˮأһأͿԽ
ηû
ʷӢЦǿ죬ǿߡֻһأǾ
֮ЦУŹϣˮУֻʣ·ˡ
ˮ涼ǼʯڣһȴȻʯ˹ʯڡ
΢Ĺߴʯķ϶͸˶ǴСˣĿԶȳΪѣ
۾ϰ˺ڰ֮󣬽һ΢ĹߣԼԿԷݡ
ֻٷ˫ڣ۹ȼŵĻ棬Ҳ͵ͨ죬ںڰз
ԭ¶£ƹһڵƣֱʷӢЦٷʹ
ǣȴҲһ֮УԼ˵ģ벻˸˵ˡ
˷ܡ
ʵ֪£ڴ˿ֻ̣һӴĿ⣬˵
䣬еļ壬·Ϳķ
̾˿˵ʦܣˡŮҪн
ǾƲġʵڹⲻȥеʲô
ͬͬĸԸüֻұµ΢ܴɣ
ûܹʦ˳ȥٷ׾Դǣһڷθ֮ԣ¶һƬ
仹˵ǾͰȴҲ½Ϊж֪䣬ԿԽ
˫ֽաʦܣлáֻϧǶһ
ֻ޿ɱˡ
ٷ˿˿ģ˵ʦ㣬һ仰ʹŮھͰɱ
ҲĿˡĻҲһ죬ʦܣô
˵ô˵Ҹö㲻סˡ
ٷðһ仰ʦ㣬ڿǷͷһʯˣ
һ㱾ʲôµģٷҲ֪ò˵
ǻм˼䣿ʲô˵ɡˣͷȴǲ
ֻٷҪױʾ顣ҲԸ˵ѣ˵Ѱ
ҲԸʧôأ
ֻ÷ٷ˵֪ĲһԺܡҪõѣҲ㣬
֪µʱܸʹࡣĲܣ书ǿӢ
ķ棬ҶȲȻʹ࣬ȴҲõҸʹ
֮УͬʱΪˣһļż˿¯֮ģ
˳ĲܵƷΣǽ֪öһЩˡҵʦֵַ
ΪŮϧѣϧ㸺ġ֪Ĳ
Ͼʵ䲻㡣
뿪˶飬ҲõҪ¹ȱһ벻
ġһֱ£㻹ҪĵǣǡˡҺҲɣʵ
δ顣
ĲܵȰ棬ҿµɵǾϲ
ʦ㣬ʵǸ᳦мʶŮӡҺദӣҲ
ֱ죬ʼȫΪˣΪ㵣ǣʵֻӹţ
ﾲ˵ҲɵǸжǻϲٷⷬףûᵽ
һ֣ÿһÿһ֣޲͸¶һƬ飡ѵõ
ᵽԼĲܵģʹ֪֮ܲС֪֮Уһ˫
գ˵ʦܣ̫ˣʵûôáĵش
磬ȴǱĻõöࡣֻһ㲻áٷͷһ˵Уʦָ
̡Цȱ㲻֪ԼĺôԼΪȲ
ˡʵֻǳ书ʱĲ֮⣬ҪõöˡһҪ
ƷĲܸܺᲢۡ
˾̸Ȼ׽࣬Ȼٷвԣ
ӡ˴˶׶Է֮ҲͲԼͬıἰĲˡ
ﲻ֪ҹ̸۽书ţǺܲįÿһЩʱ򣬾
ͷ˽ʷӢΪ˻Ҫڷ¶Ҳʳá
ĴԼ֪ǹʱ䡣һ̸̸˵˵й
֮
ٷʯһᣬЦ˵ӭ׵Ĺ֮
ǹ˰ɣǵĻǽ졣еġǡ
ָĵȻĲʷӢˡ
ٷ͵ֻȻɫٷͷһ˵ǳζ
ͶȥɣҿǿüʱĲŮɻ
֮СȴȻѹٷʦ㣬⣬ֺαء
ûб˼Һһѣ̼ܲ;ԽԽ
Ůɻ飬ˮ԰εˡܹԭһѹôٷһ
˵ʦ㣬ؽ御ԶСܿɼ΢వ
Ҳ˵úܶԣųζͶһ·Ҳϧˡ
ٷףʦ㣬ƺʲôԣ֣ô
ɱ֮˲ãֻ˻˽У澹ս˻ɱ
ԽԽˡ
еѵǹپ˽ҵٻҪܵˣ
ȻϽҲǶҪҵʦ֮ġҿ˳ڲ
зٷǹپҲãɱҲãȴܵһᡣ˵
֮ʱ½ýнŲܳΣȻ˵ƴһ
ˣŮ˿ϾǣµҲ̫ˣһ԰ɡ
ڹ跨Ū
ٷ˹һ죬һʱȴδϡٷɽʯڣ
һǵʯͷʹʯͷûһ죬Ȼ
ѣ˫һѳһᣬҲŪˡٷϲ
æŪͿŮ˵װлأȴ֪ʲôأ
δˣһƬˮͻȻ侹ƴ¡Ƭ̣ˮ
ûߣһƬ
Ҹˮһ壬﷢ţһˡת˲䣬ˮѸ߹ͷ
ȻǿȴϾǹٻ˼ҵŮû¹ܶӾ
ˮУҲſҪδóȺ˼ˮ﷢ţ
һᣬȴԭǷٷץ󣬽ˮ档
ٷǸڽ߳ĺӣͨˮԣʱšϲ
跨ȴһˡҪ֪ˮ涼Ǽʯڣ
ŲϵģȷǲӡˮբٷҲ
ˮ㣬ֻǴˮբγһ㣬а취롣
ٷ˵ʦ㣬ץҵı۲Ҫ̫ұ˺֧һ
ᡣʱˮĻˮ඼ѷˮɣˮҲߣ
ٷˮи¶ͷǲذ壬ˡ
һᣬֻ˵ҪģɲҪˡȥ
׽ɡһ˵ǸŮĶ벻ˮԣеȴɲӹ̽һ
̽ǹܵˣҲʲôΣաٷǵ
ǰϲ⼸˵ӺСһ֡
鶨ףӹբ⼸Ӿرģһ
ˮУҹҴٷУͻȻץһӾ˾һֻ
ͨһ˴ӹˮٷһץץ˵ľˤȥѸ
ץǸӹתһһǡǡסբš
ǼæңӾǸͬ飬ٷӹסբţ
Ѿ¶˳һͬСɣеĽеãСҪˣеĽ
բţբţ˵ʱ٣ʱ죬ٷһһץӹ
ƼһĴˮԾ
иһӹĸ˱һæҵıˮբˮբ죬
δ£ٷ˫һţբ߶סʱǹѶϣٷŰӾ
˰ʹһڵɣһԾǴﵽһ㣬ֻá
¡һբҲǡڴʱرա
ٷ˰ԲһСɨǧЩ˴ñͷܣǹꪣ
ءղź˼ˮأеͷδһʹͭĺ
һС˳ǣ򡱣ôͷץβһǸʹͭĺӵ˸
ų죬룺ŮѡĿأĶŧ⼲
ͬʱ˶ǾŲһģ͡һѱ˺ȥһ̧
ͷһȴŮӡ
ŮʷӢĸŮʷӢڣĲµЩСͷĿ
öࡣˮãδָЩǵĿһ
֮һʱһʷӢĸŮҲ
ˣУֶһᵶһģְһ䣬־͵
ŮѨ
ٷҲ书ǿĺӣ뷽ٷȣȻúԶƷ
Ůʱ򣬷ٷҲѵ֣һһץǶŶǣֻ
һͰȥԭʷӢˮΪһʧ֮
ڣ׼Ҫ֮գʶѸ־˳ȥʮأ
ֻŮӽΪǿȴ벻ٷͨˮԣóˮǴߣ
Ȼιբţɱ㡣
ٷӣЩӵȥҪߣٷһ
ȥ绢Ⱥ䣬˼еʦܣҪɱٷ
˸˰תۼͰе˶˯Ѩ
ٷǸ˵ʦ㣬ҲĿɱ䡣ֻ㣬㴩ʪ
ȴǲȥһ죬˵Ŷԭ뻻·ߡ
ˮˮѷžٷת˵ʦ㣬³ȥѡ
ദգ֪ǸϺʵľӣ͵һĲ
ŮУŮѡŷٷҲ³ӻѣǿ

üҲῪ
ٷˣž淴ʷӢŮһ
ˮһ棬ٷ⿪ѨȵҿأŮ
ҲŻת˼תţҷֿٷЦˮĻص
ɣֻϧŮȴǰ׷Ѫˡ
ˮɽ裬ţɽ¡ٷ﷭ɽͷֻý֮
ȥֻмʮӣдǷɮΧһŮ
ɱ
ŮһŷһǧųʷĪʦƹáƹý֮
ʽҲǶһңмɮĽ£ķɨѪ
ģһʱȥڵϴշתţǲҲ̶áЩǰͺ̣أ
һԭ£ɴʦڤ죬ƹѰġ
ڤձɵɱȨ̷Ϊ̣һͬţĻ֮£ԸսҲ
˽ӡڤ书䲻ƹãȴҲǲͬţΧƹɱʤɱ
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